Now you are connected to the internet thanks to hundreds of marine cables that allow the transfer of data traffic from one continent to another. Each cable can carry up to 16 fiber-optic wires, each of which has a transmission speed of up to 3840 Gbps. In total, the maximum speed of each modern cable reaches 60 terabits per second. But how do these cables exist? How can they withstand this pressure on the seafloor?
The owners of the famous channel on YouTube, Whats Inside, started searching for a piece of these cables to see if they could cut a part of it to get to know it more closely and how it is inside. Those who helped these people were two YouTube users from Nat and Friends. Previously, they had visited a dock where a ship was being loaded to install a new submarine cable connecting the United States with Brazil. They could come with a portion of the cable.
They then showed how these cables are made, which are mainly made to protect the fiber optic wires from the inside. At the least thin part, we have at least eight different layers. The outer part is made of polyethylene, the second is the fiber of the same material. Then there are two layers of twisted steel cables, responsible for all the structural strength of these marine cables.
Between the steel cables and the internal protection of the plastic there can be another aluminum shield, and inside the plastic we have copper wire, which works to transfer electricity to the two parts installed in every few miles. Finally, we have another plastic protection, then several plastic tubes with pairs of fiber optic cables coated with different colors.
The cable made by YouTube users is part of a cable installed by Algar Telecom, Google and other companies between Brazil and the United States. The idea is to link Santos (SP) and Fortaleza (CE) to Boca Raton, Florida in North America.
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